Different VPNS can use different encryption standards and technologies. Here's a quick list of some of the technologies that VPNS might use:
1.Point-to-point tunneling protocol: PPTP has been around since the mid-1990s and is still in regular use. PPTP does not encrypt itself. It tunnels packets and encapsulates them using the GRE protocol. If you're considering using PPTP's VPN service, you should keep in mind that security experts like Bruce Schneier have found the protocol, particularly implemented by Microsoft, to be very insecure.
2.IPSec: You should consider IPSec as a better alternative to PPTP. IPSec is actually a different set of protocols and technologies. Packets are encapsulated using ESP and can be encrypted using AES-GCM, AES-CBC, 3DES-CBC, or HMAC-SHA1/SHA2.
3. Layer 2 tunnel protocol: L2TP can be used to establish tunnels through IPSec to enhance security.
4.Secure Shell, also known as SSH, can be used to handle tunneling and encryption in VPN networks.
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